I don't record cd's much now as I copy the music onto memory sticks to use in my usb port. However when I did the same as you on my previous car I started having similar problems to you with some cd's refusing to play properly on my car player but OK elsewhere. I think the problems were related to a new computer which had a dvd/cd recorder instead of a cd recorder, a google search at the time seemed to confirm this as other people were having similar problems. What I did find was that whatever brand of blank cd's used to work OK weren't OK anymore , and trying different blank cd's helped. In my case writing the music on Verbatim cd's now worked, whereas the Phillips ones I used before didn't.
So to cut a long story short, it may be worth your while experimenting by rewriting your music on a different brand(s) of cd , or trying a different computer/ cd writer to see if it helps.
There are times when listening to my music is the only thing that keeps me sane while stuck in traffic , so I sympathise with your predicament, and hope my suggestions might help.